The Longevity Of Africanized Apis mellifera L. Influenced By Synthetic Phytosanitary Products Used In Soybean
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5132/eec.2023.01.02Keywords:
Honey bee, Insecticide, Selectivity, MortalityAbstract
Honey bees are the main pollinators, but they are in decline and synthetic phytosanitary products (SSPs) are suspected to be
related. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of three commercial SPPs, used to control the stink bug in soybean,
formulated with Acetamiprid + Alpha-cypermethrin; Imidacloprid + Beta-Cyfluthrin and Fenitrothion + Esfenvalerate, on
adult worker Africanized Apis mellifera. For this, worker honey bees was exposed to SPPs through three bioassays: 1) sprayed
on the bees, 2) sprayed on Petri dishes in which the bees was subsequently placed, and 3) mixed with the Candy paste
supplied to the bees. The honey bees in bioassay 3 had their midgut submitted to histopathological analysis. All bioassays
was maintained in a climatized room (34 ± 2ºC, RH 60 ± 5%) and the workers longevity was verified at 1 up to 120 hours. In
bioassay 1 at the time of 6 hours evaluation, 100% of the bees of all the SPPs was dead. In bioassay 2 all bees was dead after
two hours of exposure of the three SPP. In bioassay 3 the SPP1 and SPP2 caused 100% mortality after 60 hours of exposure,
to theSPP3 all bees was dead after 96 hours, while for the control, after 96 hours only 45% of the bees were dead. Histological
analysis revealed the destruction of the midgut cells of all workers from the three SPPs treatments. The three evaluated SPPs
showed no selectivity for A. mellifera workers, reducing bee longevity.
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