ABSTRACT
Embedded systems are applications used for specific tasks or as part
of a general purpose, having constraints and design metrics. These
systems are implemented using microprocessors, with a favorable
option being the RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer), which
has a reduced number of instructions and shorter execution time. A
highlight within the RISC architecture is the RISC-V, an open and
stable instruction set. Since the increase in reliability is essential
for embedded systems operating in critical environments, there
is a need for fault tolerance provision in hardware and software.
Thus, considering design options for operating systems aimed at
embedded systems, the Rust programming language is a safe alternative
due to its efficient memory management. Therefore, this
work proposes implementing a fault tolerance technique in a preexisting
operating system for the RISC-V architecture, aiming to
increase reliability in critical environments. The technique chosen
for implementation was the triple modular redundancy applied
to the operating system’s processes. After the implementation, an
error injection was performed through an emulator to validate the
provision of reliability. Finally, we evaluated the cost and performance
metrics, consolidating the implementation and the reliability
improvement with a justifiable increase in costs and performance.