Professor and geographer David Harvey had his work “The Madness of Economic Reason” published in Brazil at the end of 2018. The British author is one of the leading theorists in the contemporary Marxist field, whose area of ​​study is the analysis of the functioning of capitalism and its evolution over the years, in works such as “Neoliberalism: History and Implications” and “The New Imperialism”. In the work analyzed in the body of the text, Harvey elaborates, based on a contemporary recontextualization of the three volumes of “Capital”, the functioning, deepening, consequences and contradictions of the neoliberal model that generates the international political economy in the 21st century. The geographer evokes the philosopher Jacques Derrida, who coined the expression “the madness of economic reason” several times throughout the work, based on a cultural practice of the indigenous peoples of British Columbia. The practice of potlatch, adopted as a central metaphor by the authors, was one of constant abdication and destruction of material possessions and properties in order to receive social prestige. Harvey argues that the 'madness' of neoliberal capitalism lies in its compulsion for endless growth, destroying material and social bases while feeding on financial abstractions and global plunder. Such an economic rationale would then be akin to such a practice.