The objective of this study is to understand the process of developing adaptive capacity in a group of companies in the metal-mechanical sector, based on the state of Rio Grande do Sul, through an analysis of their behaviors and skills, routines and processes and mechanisms of learning and knowledge governance. The research was characterized as an empirical study of an applied nature, as it takes a qualitative and descriptive approach to the objectives. It was conducted through a multiple case study, investigating three organizations in detail. Based on the results, it is concluded that the company Gama is strongly oriented towards adaptation. The company Beta is more conservative and cautious, finding it more difficult to adapt. The third company, Alfa, adapts in accordance with the guidelines and its customers’ requests. In terms of contributing to the advancement of studies on adaptive capacity, this study explores the organizational mechanisms that foster the development of this capacity in companies in the metalworking sector of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. It also explores a research perspective that is less common in studies on dynamic capacities, as these capacities (absorption, adaptive and innovative) are generally studied as a whole. In this study, the emphasis was on the instruments for the development of adaptive capacity, which are imposed on organizations as a result of the dynamism and speed with which changes are taking place.