This paper presents a refl ection on the fundamentals of Deweyan thought. For an understanding of the ideas of John Dewey (1859-1952), a study of epistemology is necessary that pervades his thinking. This study therefore presents the epistemological foundations of Deweyan pragmatism. The work of Dewey will be understood in the context of American pragmatism, in which it is inserted alongside that of Charles Peirce (1839-1914) and William James (1842-1910). Deweyan thought can be understood from many perspectives, as the American philosopher had a vast academic production. His works deal specifi cally with: philosophy, education, politics, sociology, art and psychology. The ideas of John Dewey have certain characteristics in relation to pragmatism. His thoughts can be understood as naturalistic humanism, or even as humanistic naturalism. This refl ection aims to clarify these discussions based on Deweyan thought.