Women play an important role in society, whether as mothers, wives, professionals or citizens. Since women became active members of the workforce, some changes began to be perceived in society, such as birth control and increased access to schooling. Although access to the labor market had occurred across different professions, this research focuses on women in the teaching profession, and reflects on the predominance of women at some levels of education. A survey conducted in municipal and state schools in the city of Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil, found a predominance of female teachers in kindergarten and first grades of elementary school, and most of the teaching staffs of the final grades of elementary school and high school were also made up of women. It was also observed that some teaching incentive initiatives are taken by the sectors directly involved with education, but only a few are producing results, whether for political or administrative reasons, increasingly devaluing the profession and as a result, the role of women in society.