Purpose – analyze the behavior of exchange students to elucidate important elements related to attachment to the place, satisfaction with the experience, in addition to the subsequent recommendation of the exchange.
Design/methodology/approach – Mixed methods approach, being qualitative and quantitative. The qualitative phase was through interviews with exchange students and the identification of studies on the topic. The quantitative phase was through an online survey, with the data being statistically analyzed with SPSS and SmartPLS.
Findings – The attractions of the destination impact attachment to the destination, including leisure and cultural options. Attachment is what most influences satisfaction, while satisfaction has the greatest impact on recommendation of the place.
Practical implications – Provides empirical evidence on the factors that influence the exchange experience, allowing managers to improve their strategies.
Originality/value – It uses a robust measurement model, including analyses of reflective and formative constructs, which adds methodological value to the research.
Research limitations – The qualitative phase had a small number of interviewees, reaching saturation quickly. Therefore, it can be inferred that the interview script was not sufficiently detailed.
Baker, D. A., & Crompton, J. L. (2000). Quality, satisfaction and behavioral intentions. Annals of tourism research, 27(3), 785-804. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0160738399001085.
Baloglu, S., & McCleary, K. W. (1999). A model of destination image formation. Annals of tourism research, 26(4), 868-897. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0160738399000304.
Banco Central do Brasil (2022). Estatísticas do Setor Externo. Relatório Anual. https://www.bcb.gov.br/.
Belta (2013). Educação internacional no Brasil. http://www.belta.org.br/noticias/12/educacao+internacional+no+brasil.
Belta (2022). Pesquisa Seta-Belta. https://www.belta.org.br/pos-pandemia-mercado-de-educacao-internacional-se-consolida-e-cresce-18-revela-pesquisa-selo-belta-2023.
Bigné, J. E., Sánchez, M. I., & Sánchez, J. (2001). Tourism image, evaluation variables and after purchase behaviour: inter-relationship. Tourism management, 22(6), 607-616. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0261517701000358.
Bosque, I. R., & San Martín, H. (2008). Tourist satisfaction a cognitive-affective model. Annals of tourism research, 35(2), 551-573. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0160738308000273.
Brasil. Ministério do Turismo. Turismo de Estudos e Intercâmbio: orientações básicas. http://www.turismo.gov.br/sites/default/turismo/o_ministerio/publicacoes/downloads_publicacoes/Turismo_de_Estudos_e_Intercxmbio_Versxo_Final_IMPRESSxO_.pdf.
Brasil. Ministério do Turismo. Gastos de estudantes estrangeiros no Brasil aumentou 147%. http://www.brasil.gov.br/turismo/2015/05/gasto-de-estudantes-estrangeiros-no-brasil-aumentou-147.
Chen, C. F., & Tsai, D. C. (2007). How destination image and evaluative factors affect behavioral intentions?. Tourism management, 28(4), 1115-1122. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0261517706001397.
Clemente, F. A. S., & Morosini, M. C.. (2020). Competências interculturais: interlocuções conceituais e uma proposta de releitura para a educação superior. Educação E Pesquisa, 46, e216262. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-4634202046216262
Cohen, E. (1972). Toward a sociology of international tourism. Social research, 164-182. https://philpapers.org/rec/COHTAS.
Costa, A. P., & Silva, L. R. (2021). A influência da percepção de utilidade de avaliações online na intenção de compra de serviços de hotelaria. Revista Brasileira de Pesquisa em Turismo, 15(2), 127-143. https://www.scielo.br/j/rbtur/a/N8KYFSK6Nd3YPmTTdL9DRpC/?lang=pt.
Djeri et al. (2014). Consumer behaviour: influence of place of residence on the decision-making process when choosing a tourist destination. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja. 27(1).
Douglas, J., Douglas, A., & Barnes, B. (2006). Measuring student satisfaction at a UK university. Quality Assurance in Education, 14(3), 251-267. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/09684880610678568/full/html.
Eccles, J. S. (2005). Subjective task value and the Eccles et al. model of achievement-related choices. In: Elliot, A. J.; Dweck, C. S. (Eds.), Handbook of competence and motivation (p.: 105-121). New York: Guilford Press.
Feather, N. T. (1988). Values, valences, and course enrollment: Testing the role of personal values within an expectancy-valence framework. Journal of Educational Psychology, 80(3), 381-391. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1989-03223-001.
Ferreira, A. T. G. (2010). Valores pessoais, percepções de preço e compra da marca do distribuidor. Dissertação de Doutorado. Faculdade de Economia, Universidade de Coimbra.
Figueira, C. S. & Alvares, L. F. H.-M. (2010). Motivação de Compra Hedônica ou Utilitária: Como afeta o arrependimento? Rio de Janeiro, 2010. 61p. Dissertação de Mestrado. Departamento de Administração, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro.
Gartner, W. C. (1993). Image formation process. Journal of travel & tourism marketing, 2(2-3), 191-216. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1300/J073v02n02_12.
Gil, A. C. (2008). Métodos e técnicas de pesquisa social. 6 Ed. São Paulo: Atlas.
Hair, J. F. et al. (2005). Análise multivariada de dados. 5 Ed. Porto Alegre: Bookman.
Holbrook, M. B. (2006). Consumption experience, customer value, and subjective personal introspection: An illustrative photographic essay. Journal of Business Research, 59(6), 714-725.
Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture's consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions and organizations across nations. Sage publications. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0005796702001845?via%3Dihub.
Huang, S., Weiler, B., & Assaker, G. (2015). Effects of interpretive guiding outcomes on tourist satisfaction and behavioral intentions. Journal of Travel Research, v, 54m n.3, p.: 344-358. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0047287513517426.
Hunt, J. D. (1975). Image as a factor in tourism development. Journal of Travel Research, 13(3), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728757501300301.
Hsu, C. L., & Lin, J. C. C. (2008). Acceptance of blog usage: The roles of technology acceptance, social influence and knowledge sharing motivation. Information & management, 45(1), 65-74. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0378720607001255.
IIE OPEN DORS. Annual Release. International Students. 2024. https://opendoorsdata.org/annual-release/international-students/.
Iwai, T. (2016). Orientação de valor social, sistema de valores e comportamento cooperativo: um estudo experimental. Rev. Adm. Mackenzie. 17(1), 82-111.
Jani, D., & Han, H. (2014). Personality, satisfaction, image, and loyalty: testing their relationships in the hotel industry. International Journal of Hospitality Management, v. 37, p.: 11-20. DOI:10.1016/j.ijhm.2013.10.007.
Kim, K., & Uysal, M. (2003). Perceived socio-cultural impacts of festivals and events: a cross-cultural comparison between American and Korean attendees. Tourism Analysis, 8(1), 15-31. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1300/J150v10n03_10.
Kladou, S., & Kehagias, J. (2014). Assessing destination image using online reviews: The case of European destinations. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 20(3), 227-241. https://shura.shu.ac.uk/10057/.
Kladou, S., & Mavragani, E. (2015). Assessing destination image: An online marketing approach and the case of TripAdvisor. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 4(3), 187-193. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2212571X15000220?via%3Dihub.
Kotler, P. Administração de marketing: a edição do novo milênio. 10. ed. São Paulo: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2007. 764p.
Laverie, D. A.; Kleine, R. E; Kleine, S. S. (1993). Linking emotions and values in consumption experiences: An exploratory study. Advances in Consumer Research, v. 20(1), 70- 75.
Li, M., & Bray, M. (2007). Cross-border flows of students for higher education: Push–pull factors and motivations of mainland Chinese students in Hong Kong and Macau. Higher Education, 53(6), 791-818. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10734-005-5423-3.
Li, M., Cai, L. A., Lehto, X. Y., & Huang, J. (2010). A missing link in understanding revisit intention: The role of motivation and image. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 27(4), 335-348. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10548408.2010.481559.
Lima, F. C., & Pereira, S. T. (2020). O impacto das avaliações online nas decisões de compra. Revista de Marketing Digital, 7(4), 45-59. https://agencianovofoco.com.br/o-impacto-das-avaliacoes-online-nas-decisoes-de-compra/.
Litvin, S. W., Goldsmith, R. E., & Pan, B. (2008). Electronic word-of-mouth in hospitality and tourism management. Tourism management, 29(3), 458-468. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0261517707001343.
Loureiro, S. M. C. (2014). The role of the rural tourism experience economy in place attachment and behavioral intentions. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 40, 1-9. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0278431914000395.
Malhotra, Naresh K. Pesquisa de marketing: uma orientação aplicada. 6. ed. Porto Alegre: Bookman, 2011. 735 p.
Malhotra, N. K. (2004). Pesquisa de Marketing: uma Orientação Aplicada. 5.ed. Porto Alegre: Bookman.
Matias, K. C. O. (2002). Diversidade e aprendizado: uma análise dos aspectos socioculturais do intercâmbio educacional. Instituto Superior de Educação, João Pessoa.
Mattila, A. S. (1999). The role of culture in the service encounter. Journal of Services Marketing, 13(4/5), 350-361. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/109467059913006.
Munar, A. M., & Jacobsen, J. K. S. (2014). Motivations for sharing tourism experiences through social media. Tourism Management, 43, 46-54. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0261517714000132
Niemczyk, A. (2014). The Application of Path Modelling in the Analysis of Consumer Behaviour in the Cultural Tourism Market. Economics & Sociology, 7(1), 204-216.
Nilsson, P. A. (2013). Expectations and experiences of temporarily studying abroad. História. Revista da FLUP, 3, 183-198.
Nilsson, P. A. (2016). International Student Expectations: Career Opportunities and Employability. Journal of International Students, 6, 614-631.
Oliver, R. L. (1997). Satisfaction: A behavioral perspective on the consumer. New York: McGraw-Hill. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315700892.
Oliveira, M. C. (2013). Efeitos da recomendação online no comportamento do consumidor: um estudo envolvendo confiança, satisfação, recomendação e intenção de compra. 2013. Dissertação de Mestrado. Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo.
Oliveira, E. C. (2007). Comportamento do consumidor: Processo de decisão de compra de livros pela internet. São Paulo: USP.
Oliveira, A. L. D., & Freitas, M. E. D.. (2017). Relações interculturais na vida universitária: experiências de mobilidade internacional de docentes e discentes. Revista Brasileira De Educação, 22(70), 774–801. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-24782017227039
Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V. A., & Berry, L. L. (1988). Servqual: A multiple-item scale for measuring consumer perc. Journal of retailing, 64(1), 12. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/200827786_SERVQUAL_A_Multiple-item_Scale_for_Measuring_Consumer_Perceptions_of_Service_Quality.
Petrick, J. F. (2004). The roles of quality, value, and satisfaction in predicting cruise passengers’ behavioral intentions. Journal of Travel Research, 42(4), 397-407. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0047287504263037.
Phelps, A. (1986). Holiday destination image: The problem of assessment: An example developed in Menorca. Tourism Management, 7(3), 168-180. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0261517786900038.
Prayag, G., Hosany, S., Muskat, B., & Del Chiappa, G. (2017). Understanding the relationships between tourists’ emotional experiences, perceived overall image, satisfaction, and intention to recommend. Journal of Travel Research, 56(1), 41-54. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0047287515620567.
Prayag, G., & Ryan, C. (2012). Antecedents of tourists’ loyalty to Mauritius: The role and influence of destination image, place attachment, personal involvement, and satisfaction. Journal of Travel Research, 51(3), 342-356. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0047287511410321.
Prentice, R., & Andersen, V. (2003). Festival as creative destination. Annals of tourism research, 30(1), 7-30. doi:10.1016/S0160-7383(02)00034-8.
Reisinger, Y., & Turner, L. W. (2003). Cross-cultural behaviour in tourism: Concepts and analysis. Butterworth-Heinemann. DOI:10.1002/jtr.463.
Richards, G., & Wilson, J. (2004). The impact of cultural events on city image: Rotterdam, Cultural Capital of Europe 2001. Urban studies, 41(10), 1931-1951. 10.1080/0042098042000256323.
Rokeach, M. (1973). The nature of human values. New York: Free Press.
Sam, D. L., & Berry, J. W. (2010). Acculturation: When individuals and groups of different cultural backgrounds meet. Perspectives on psychological science, 5(4), 472-481. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1745691610373075.
Santos, M. A., & Ferreira, A. R. (2020). A dimensão afetiva da imagem do destino: A ligação emocional do turista ao território. A Pátria. https://apatria.org/artigo-cientifico/a-dimensao-afetiva-da-imagem-do-destino-a-ligacao-emocional-do-turista-ao-territorio%ef%bf%bc/.
Scherer, F. L. et al. (2015). Motivações, dimensões da imagem e qualidades afetivas dos lugares: a escolha do destino e as fotos em viagens de turismo e lazer. Revista Brasileira de Pesquisa em Turismo. São Paulo, 9(3), 442-458.
Schwartz, S. H. (1992). Universals in the content and structure of values: Theoretical advances and empirical tests in 20 countries. Advances in experimental social psychology, v. 25, p.: 1-65. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0065260108602816?via%3Dihub.
Schwartz, S. H. (1994). Are There Universal Aspects in the Structure and Contents of Human Values? Journal of Social Issues, 50(4), 19-45.
Sharma, P., & Chan, R. Y. (2011). Counterfeit proneness: Conceptualisation and scale development. Journal of Marketing Management, 27(5-6), 602-626. DOI:10.1080/0267257X.2010.489829.
Silveira, L. T., & da Costa, B. K. (2023). Análise da imagem afetiva dos turistas no destino Vale dos Vinhedos - RS. Revista Turismo: Visão e Ação, 25(1), 114-133. https://doi.org/10.14210/rtva.v25n1.p114-133.
Stern, E., & Krakover, S. (1993). The formation of a composite urban image. Geographical analysis, 25(2), 130-146. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/229702857_The_Formation_of_a_Composite_Urban_Image.
Stier, J. (2003). Internationalisation, ethnic diversity and the acquisition of intercultural competencies. Intercultural Education, 14(1), p.: 77-91. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1467598032000044674.
Thiry-Cherques, H. R. (2009). Saturação em pesquisa qualitativa: estimativa empírica de dimensionamento. Revista PMKT, 3(2), 20-27.
Tinoco, J. E. P., Assêncio, E. W., João, B. N. & Claro, J. A. C. D. S. (2011). Influência dos valores individuais no desempenho empresarial: um estudo usando o inventário de valores de Schwartz. Sociedade, Contabilidade e Gestão, 6(2), 139-155.
Tomazzoni, E. L. & Oliveira, C. C. (2013). Turismo de intercâmbio: perfis dos intercambistas, motivações e contribuições da experiência internacional. Turismo: Visão e Ação, 15(3), 388-408.
UNESCO. Trends in Global Higher Education: Tracking an Academic Revolution. < http://www.uis.unesco.org/Library/Documents/trends-global-higher-education-2009-world-conference-en.pdf.
UNESCO (2022). Global flow of tertiary-level students. Montreal: UNESCO Institute for Statistics. http://uis.unesco.org/en/uis-student-flow#slideoutsearch.
Urry, J. (2002). The tourist gaze. Sage. https://books.google.com.br/books/about/The_Tourist_Gaze.html?id=8jRiz-yPEnMC&redir_esc=y.
Veasna, S. et. al. (2013). The Impact of Destination Source Credibility on Destination Satisfaction: The Mediating Effects of Destination Attachment and Destination Image. Journal of Tourism Management. 36, 511-526.
Woodruffe-Burton, H. & Wakenshaw, S. (2011). Revisiting experiential values of shopping: consumers' self and identity. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 29(1), 69-85.
Yacout, O. M. (2014). Use of Hofstede’s cultural dimensions, demographics, and information sources as antecedents to cognitive and affective destination image for Egypt. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 21(1), 37-52.
Yoo, K. H., & Gretzel, U. (2011). Influence of personality on travel-related consumer-generated media creation. Computers in Human Behavior, 27(2), 609-621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2010.05.002.
Yoon, Y., & Uysal, M. (2005). An examination of the effects of motivation and satisfaction on destination loyalty: a structural model. Tourism management, 26(1), 45-56. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0261517703002000.
Yuksel, A., Yuksel, F., & Bilim, Y. (2010). Destination attachment: Effects on customer satisfaction and cognitive, affective and conative loyalty. Tourism management, 31(2), 274-284. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0261517709000508.
Copyright (c) 2025 Turismo: Visão e Ação
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Turismo: Visão e Ação, linked to the Graduate Program in Tourism and Hospitality - Master's and Ph.D., is a scientific journal published in a continuous flow system, with an interdisciplinary and international scope. According to Qualis/CAPES criteria (2017-2020), it is classified as 'A3' in the fields of Administration, Accounting Sciences, and Tourism. Registered with ISSN number 1983-7151, Tourismo: Visão e Ação began its activities in 1998 with printed publications in English and Portuguese. In 2008, it transitioned to an online publication, expanding its reach to a broader audience. It maintains a policy of being an open-access journal without submission or access fees. The abbreviated title for the journal is Tur., Visão e Ação, commonly used in bibliographies, footnotes, references, and bibliographic captions.
Universidade do Vale do Itajaí- Quinta Avenida, 1100, bloco 7, CEP: 88337-300, Balneário Camboriú, SC – Brasil. Tel.: +55 47 3261-1315, e-mail: revistaturismo@univali.br
