This text is a portion of a study review on research on the constitution of play activities during school recess. Our intention in publishing it was to invite reflection on the elements of children’s culture that are translated into play activities in the school spaces and times. The universality of childhood cultures is presented, and its specificity and dynamism, based on concepts of authors in the field of sociology of childhood. It focuses on the universality of children’s culture, as well as its dynamic and regionalized aspects, without losing sight of the interchange of sociodynamic influences between the culture of childhood and the culture of the school which –interdependent as they are - do not prevent children from being agents of their own socialization.