BETWEEN THE FAILURE OF GLOBAL CLIMATE GOALS AND THE PRE-COP30 EXPECTATION

Abstract

Contextualization: Climate changes have caused increasingly frequent and intense extreme events, with significant damage to human and fundamental rights. The problem is urgent and requires coordinated and effective actions. The 30th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), to be held in the Amazon in November 2025, faces the challenge of going beyond negotiations that have been ongoing for years, especially within the scope of the Paris Agreement, but which have not yet become reality to a sufficient degree.

Objectives: This article aims to compare recent data on the fulfillment (or not) of climate goals and the role of Law as a science that has forged its contributions, in order to assist in the development of an undeniably multisectoral theme, which is on the verge of an effective change.

Method: The article uses an inductive analytical methodology, using techniques of bibliographical survey in specialized doctrine, as well as documentary analysis of regulations, reports and case law decisions.

Results: It was found that the main objectives contained in the Paris Agreement, as well as in the 2030 Agenda, have not progressed satisfactorily, which reveals an extremely complex scenario to be faced at COP30. In addition, however, it was also found that there are well-founded legal paths directed towards the necessary changes, as well as socio-environmental, political and economic contributions capable of sustaining a change of course in tackling climate change.