Cyberattacks, Disinformation and Algorithmic Governance in the Digital Sovereignty Era

Abstract

The increasing dependence on hyperconnected digital infrastructures, driven by 5G networks, artificial intelligence, and platformization, reshapes the foundations of sovereignty, security, and democracy in the 21st century. This article analyzes how cyberattacks, disinformation, and algorithmic governance operate as central vectors of sociotechnical domination, affecting both critical infrastructures and epistemic regimes as well as democratic systems. Based on a theoretical, critical, and documentary approach, grounded in the political economy of data, information philosophy, and digital coloniality studies, the study articulates empirical cases of financial system attacks, electoral disinformation campaigns, and geopolitical disputes in cyberspace. The results demonstrate that the absence of global algorithmic governance, combined with the opacity of data systems and the capture of informational infrastructures by corporate sovereignties, deepens epistemic, economic, and political asymmetries. It concludes that addressing these dynamics requires building international regulatory frameworks, aligned with principles of digital sovereignty, epistemic justice, and democratic control over algorithmic regimes.